According to ezinereligion, in 2007, Argentina had an estimated population of 40.3 million people, composed of multiple ethnic groups including European and Amerindian descent. The official language was Spanish. The economy was largely based on services and manufacturing, as well as agriculture and mining. In terms of foreign relations, Argentina had close ties with its neighbors in the region such as Brazil and Chile. It also maintained diplomatic relations with several other countries such as the United States, China and Japan. Politically, Argentina was a presidential republic led by President Néstor Kirchner from 2003 to 2007. After his resignation in 2007, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner took over as president and remained in power until 2015.
Yearbook 2007
Argentina. The October 28 presidential election was historically in many ways. For the first time, the two main candidates were women and consequently a woman was also elected president, the fourth in Latin American history. Senator Cristina Fernández de Krichner from the ruling coalition Frente para la Victoria (FPV) won with 45 percent of the votes cast. The election result was attributed to a number of factors – the good economy, the crucial importance of the Province of Buenos Aires (with 40 percent of the electoral votes), a divided opposition, but above all the popularity that surrounded Fernández de Kirchner’s husband, the incumbent President Néstor Kirchner. The victory margin was the largest since the reintroduction of democracy in Argentina in 1983, and in some parts of northern Argentina Fernández de Kirchner received as much as 70 percent of the vote. In contrast, she had weaker support in the larger cities, where the middle class tended to vote for the main competitor Elisa Carrió from the left coalition Coalición Cívica. However, a dark shadow fell over the election result – turnout was only 73 percent, which is the lowest since democracy was reinstated. At the same time, elections were held for half of the seats in the House of Representatives and a third of the Senate and provincial governorships. There, too, the government noted great successes. The FPV gained its own majority in the House of Representatives through an increase from 111 seats to 137, and in the Senate the government parties received 47 of 72 seats, ie. only a mandate from the two-thirds majority. which is the lowest since democracy was reinstated. At the same time, elections were held for half of the seats in the House of Representatives and a third of the Senate and provincial governorships. There, too, the government noted great successes. According to CountryAAH, Buenos Aires is the capital city of Argentina.
- According to abbreviationfinder: AR is the 2-letter acronym for the country of Argentina.
The government coalition also won all eight remaining provincial elections, including in the important Buenos Aires province where Vice President Daniel Scioli’s victory also contributed to Fernández de Kirchner’s victory nationally.
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner is not the first female president in Argentina’s history, nor the first to succeed her husband. In 1974, Juan Perón, founder of the spouses Kirchner’s party Partido Justicialista, was succeeded by his wife Isabel. Ironically, just this year, judicial authorities demanded that Isabel Perón be extradited from Spain where she has lived in exile since the 1970s. She is accused of supporting a right-wing death squadron that is believed to be behind the disappearance of 600 people during her brief presidential period 1974–76.
Climate
The climatic differences within the country are very large. Most of the precipitation with up to 1,900mm per year falls in the NE of the country. Towards the south and west it gets drier up to desert areas. In contrast, Tierra del Fuego in the very south is more humid again. The temperature fluctuations in the pampas are very large due to strong southwest winds (Pamperos).
Argentina weather in March, April and May
Average daily temperatures between 7 ° C and 26 ° C can be expected over the next three months. It gets warmest in March in Buenos Aires, noticeably cooler in May in Ushuaia. Temperatures in Buenos Aires are between 19 and 26 ° C, in Ushuaia between 7 and 12 ° C and in Salta between 21 and 25 ° C.
Do you want to go on a beach holiday? The water temperatures are in March, April and May 5-6 ° C. So the weather is not suitable for swimming.
In March, at about 10 days can be expected precipitation in April at about 10 days in May at about 7 days.
In the period from March to May , the sun shines on average between 2 and 7 hours a day. The sunniest weather is in March in Buenos Aires, but with less sun you have to get by in May in Ushuaia.
“Tango crisis” and chaos
Carlos Saúl Menem was re-elected in 1995 after the constitution was reformed to allow this. The country was now in a period of economic growth, in which the privatization of state business and a deliberate strategy for attracting foreign capital were important elements of government policy. But major tasks remained, to ensure sustainable development. This was related, among other things, to a public sector and a pension system, both of which had a stronger growth than there was a financial basis for.
Corruption prevented the implementation of business and district measures – and promoted the currency flight. Uneven distribution and a poverty gap were a visible result of political mistakes and neglect. A government debt that passed $ 100 billion also placed increasing demands on ability to pay. These problems were exacerbated, and it developed into a crisis when a dramatic decline in neighboring Brazil hit the Argentine economy fully towards the end of 1998. The two largest South American countries are economically closely linked; Almost a third of Argentina’s exports went to Brazil. The decisions on measures and countermeasures now led to a strained relationship between the two countries.
Menem’s peronist party suffered defeat in the 1999 presidential election. With 51% of the votes, Fernando de la Rúa, who was at the head of an alliance between his own radical people’s party UCR and the left-wing solidarity front Frepaso, triumphed. In his first year as president, unemployment rose to over 15%, later rising to over 25%. Crisis measures based on tax increases, in part drastic salary reductions for public employees and cuts in public measures triggered social unrest and several rounds of general strikes.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the United States were still resilient as creditors, more to prevent the crisis from spreading than in confidence that Argentina would manage its loans. At the turn of the year 2001/02, however, the creditors stopped. The country was in effect bankrupt – and had five presidents in just two weeks. The weekend before Christmas was de la Rúa literally chased out of the presidential palace, and after three very brief interlude was Eduardo Duhalde – Peronist left populist profile and vice president under Menem from 1989 to 1991 – was appointed interim head of state until elections in 2003. His coalition government seized on what seemed to be the prelude to a political and economic recovery, but first things were to get worse.
As one element of their crisis packages, the Duhalde government abolished the fixed exchange rate policy from the early 1990s, which linked the peso to the dollar in a 1: 1 ratio. In the wake of the devaluation of the peso, 70% in six months followed in 2002. Gross national income (GNI) declined, and purchasing power reached a historic bottom. The so-called “tango crisis”, which was considered the most serious in the country’s history, was constantly exacerbated. Dozens of lives were lost in riots, mass demonstrations surfaced in the street scene.
Nearly 50% of the population fell below the poverty line. The authorities took emergency measures to prevent regular hunger. Many “ordinary people” stood in the queue for food distribution, participated in shoplifting – or emigrated; middle class weathered. The country’s numerous small farmers experienced a dramatic deterioration. Access to withdraw savings was limited, desperate crowds also gathered outside the bank premises. Inflation was again out of control. The distrust of the politicians took hold. The local elections this fall had to be suspended. At the presidential election in April of the following year, 85,000 police officers were expelled.
Towards the end of 2002, however, the crisis seemed to culminate. Néstor Carlos Kirchner, from the center/left wing of the Peronist Party, won the presidential election. The only real opponent, President Carlos Menem, resigned shortly before the second round. This was the first time that two rounds had to be conducted – because none of the 19 candidates achieved more than 50% of the vote in the first place.