Czech Republic (in Czech language: Česká republika ). According to educationvv, it is a central European state, bordered to the north by the Republic of Poland, to the east by Slovakia, to the south by Austria, and to the west by Germany. It is made up of the traditional regions of Bohemia and Moravia and has an area of 78,866 km2, comparable to that of Portugal, Austria or Ireland. It is a landlocked country, although it is strategically located on some of the oldest and most significant land routes in Europe.
Located in Central Europe, about 50 degrees north latitude and 15 degrees east longitude. With an area of 78,864 km2, comparable to that of Portugal, Austria or Ireland, this state has a population density of 131 residents per square kilometer.
Relief
The landscape of the Czech Republic is varied; Bohemia to the west, consists of a basin, drained by the Elbe River and the Vltava River and surrounded by low mountains, where the highest point in the country is located, Mount Snžka, which reaches 1,601 meters above sea level and is located in the Giant Mountains. The Bohemian Quadrilateral is spoken of in reference to this plateau surrounded by mountains: Sudeten Mountains, Ore Mountains (Erz Gebirge), Giant Mountains (Riesen Gebirge) and the Bohemian Forest, which historically formed the natural border of the so-called Czech Countries. In Czech the names of these mountains are: to the northeast the Krkonoše, Sudetes and Jeseníky; to the northwest, Krusné Hory; to the southwest the Český Les and the Šumava. Only the southeastern border of the country lacks mountain ranges. The lowest point is the exit of the Elbe river from the Czech territory.
Moravia, the eastern part, is also mountainous; It is made up of a subalpine furrow between the western Carpathians to the east and the Moravian hills to the east, which is what separates it from Bohemia. The Moravian Gate (Czech, Moravská brána) is a traditional military corridor between the North European plain and the Danube in central Europe. It is a geomorphological feature in the Moravian region of the Czech Republic formed by the depression between the Carpathian Mountains in the east and the Sudetenland in the west. It is run by the drainage between the Upper Oder River and the Baltic Sea in the north and the Be? Va River in the Danube Basin.
Rivers and lakes
The main rivers of the Czech Republic are the Elbe and its tributaries the Vltava (Moldau) and the Ohre; the Morava, with its many tributaries, drains Moravia. These waterways in the Czech Republic flow into three different seas: the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea. To the Elbe and from there to the North Sea go the Elba (Labe), the Oh? E, the Teplá and the Vltava. The Oder passes through the basin to which it gives its name and which ends in the Baltic. The Morava basin goes to the Black Sea, and its most prominent courses are the Morava and the Regen o? Ezná.
Environment
The natural vegetation is made up of extensive meadows and forests, especially conifers. The main natural hazard is flooding. Environmental concerns are air and water pollution in northwestern Bohemia and northern Moravia regions around Ostrava pose health risks; acid rain damages forests; Efforts to bring the industry into compliance with European Union codes should improve domestic pollution.
The dominant climate is temperate hardwood forest, although temperate coniferous forest is also present in the Carpathians. World Wide Foundation divides the territory of the Czech Republic into four eco-regions:
- Hardwood forest of Western Europe, in the lands
- Pannonian mixed forest in the southeast
- Carpathian montane forest, in the extreme east
- Mixed forest of Central Europe, in the rest of the country. [3] .
Demography
In 2009, the Czech Republic had a population of 10,501,197 residents. Life expectancy is 76.4 years. 99% of the population is literate. The average number of children per woman is only 1.22 which is causing its population to decrease by 0.07% each year. Population growth since 2003 has been primarily driven by immigration.
Most of its residents (95%) are natives of the country and speak Czech, a language belonging to the Slavic languages, specifically the West Slavic languages. Other ethnic groups present are Germans, Gypsies, Hungarians, Ukrainians, Vietnamese and Poles. After the 1993 division, some Slovaks remained on Czech territory and make up 2% of the current population. The border between the Czech Republic and Slovakia remains open to citizens of the former Czechoslovakia. Regarding religious beliefs and skepticism, 52.2% of the population is agnostic or atheist, 39% Roman Catholic, 6% Protestant, 2% Czechoslovak Hussite, and there is also a small Jewish community (0, 8%).
Sports
The most popular sports are ice hockey (in which the Czechs have been proclaimed world and Olympic champions on several occasions) and soccer (with two world subtitles and a European runner-up in 1996). The now defunct Czechoslovakia won an Olympic title (Moscow 1980) and a European championship in 1976.
The Czech Republic has almost monopolized the decathlon in the last Olympics, with Roman Sebrle as the holder of the world record. Other sports where it stands out are tennis, women’s basketball or handball, among others.
