Yearbook 2007
Nicaragua. On January 10, the newly elected President Daniel Ortega was installed in his office. Some of his first steps were to lower his own salary by two-thirds and set up a commission, led by the respected Cardinal Miguel Obando y Bravo, who will provide assistance to 300,000 victims of the civil war in the 1980s. At the heart of the domestic political debate during the year, however, was Ortega’s proposal to set up so-called Citizens’ Council to strengthen democracy, an institution clearly inspired by Hugo Chávez’s “Bolivarian circles” in Venezuela. Opposition to the proposal became massive in Congress because it was suspected that the councils would be an extension of the presidential power and thus of the FSLN (Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional) ruling party that had similar institutions in the 1980s, then called defense committees. According to the opposition, the country’s institutional structure would thus be undermined. On November 21, however, the Congress approved a compromise proposal which was based on the fact that the Citizens’ Council does come into being but cannot be financed with state funds or have any influence on any government agencies.
- According to abbreviationfinder: NI is the 2-letter acronym for the country of Nicaragua.
According to CountryAAH, Managua is the capital city of Nicaragua. The majority of the Congress behind the decision pointed to the fact that the unofficial pact that the FSLN signed with the Conservative PLC (Partido Liberal Constitucionalista) is about to crack. Ortega threatened to put the case before the Supreme Court, where the FSLN and PLC control as many of the lawyers as possible. General constitutional reform was also on Ortega’s agenda. the introduction of parliamentarism and the possibility of incumbent presidents for direct re-election.
On September 4, Hurricane Felix struck with full force on Nicaragua’s Atlantic coast with 50 days of rain and flooding of the Rio Grande River, and President Ortega declared a national disaster state. The death toll was around 200 and the number of homeless was 220,000. In addition, half of the entire Nicaragua agricultural crop was destroyed, and the UN Food and Agriculture Agency UNFAO warned that the country could be starved next year unless the government takes swift action.
History. – The seventies saw a strong development of the opposition to the family dictatorship of the Somoza, who for four decades had maintained power thanks mainly to the control of the National Guard, created by the United States in the late twenties (during the occupation of Nicaragua fra 1912 and 1933).
Despite the harsh repression, repeatedly denounced also internationally, the growth of popular discontent was accompanied by a progressive extension of the guerrilla (promoted since the 1960s by the Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN), while the personalistic character and corruption of the regime they increasingly alienated the consensus of the affluent classes themselves. In January 1978 the killing of PJ Chamorro Cardenal, leader of the moderate opposition and a member of one of the most influential families in the country, he unleashed a long wave of protests and started the final crisis of the dictatorship; US support was also called into question and in January 1979 Washington suspended all economic and military aid to Nicaragua. In the following months, the Sandinista guerrillas gave rise to a general insurrection against the regime and, despite the violent response of A. Somoza Debayle (who also resorted to aerial bombardments on the main cities, causing tens of thousands of deaths), the dictator was finally forced to leave the country on July 17; on 20 July power was assumed by a provisional government formed by the FSLN and by members of the main opposition forces.
The Provisional Government dissolved the National Guard and replaced it with the Sandinista People’s Army, repealed the 1974 constitution and passed a Fundamental Statute of the Republic and a Statute of Nicaraguan Rights and Guarantees (which included the abolition of the death penalty), dissolved the bicameral Congress and established a provisional legislative body, the Council of State, inaugurated in May 1980, in which representatives of all parties, trade unions, mass organizations and economic and professional associations participated. The elections for a Constituent Assembly were postponed in order to initially concentrate efforts on the reconstruction of the country, which had come out with very serious damage from the civil war (which had caused over 50,000 deaths and 700. 000 refugees out of a population of just over two and a half million people). On the economic level, the banks, mineral resources and a part of industry were nationalized, while maintaining a large private sector, subjected to forms of indirect control by the state; expropriated the lands of the Somoza, an agrarian reform was initiated, while a considerable effort was made for the development of education, the health service and residential construction.
Despite the general option for a mixed economy, the broad alliance of forces that had participated in the last phase of the struggle against Somoza soon began to divide over the choices of economic and social policy: the difficult conditions of the country particularly exacerbated the contrasts between the Sandinistas and important sectors of the bourgeoisie and the middle class, whose representatives ended up leaving the provisional government (led by FSLN leader D. Ortega Saavedra since March 1981) and gave rise to growing internal opposition.
Nicaragua weather in March, April and May
Daily temperatures averaging 34 ° C can be expected over the next three months. The temperatures hardly fluctuate during this time.
In March, at about 0 days to be expected precipitation in April at about 0 days in May at about 11 days.
In the period from March to May , the sun shines an average of 7 to 9 hours a day. The sunniest weather is in March in Managua, with less sun you will have to get by in May.